Tiles are versatile building materials manufactured from a range of substances including ceramic, porcelain, natural stone (such as marble and granite), glass, and even recycled materials. Used for centuries in construction, tiles serve both functional and aesthetic purposes, covering surfaces like floors, walls, roofs, and partitions. Their popularity stems from key characteristics such as durability, water resistance, stain and chemical resistance, and ease of cleaning and maintenance.
Ceramic tiles, the most common type, are made from clay and fired at high temperatures, resulting in a dense, water-resistant, and tough product. Porcelain tiles, a subtype of ceramic, are fired at even higher temperatures, making them denser, less porous, and suitable for high-traffic or outdoor areas due to their superior strength and low water absorption. Natural stone tiles like marble and granite offer unique patterns and high durability, while mosaic tiles allow for intricate decorative designs.
Tiles are available in glazed or unglazed finishes. Glazed tiles have a glass-like coating that enhances stain resistance and offers a range of colors and patterns, while unglazed tiles are more slip-resistant and suitable for areas prone to moisture, such as kitchens and bathrooms. The slip resistance of tiles is measured by the coefficient of friction (COF), with rougher surfaces providing better grip.
Modern tiles are also engineered for specific applications: wall tiles are typically lighter and often glazed for easy cleaning, while floor tiles are designed to withstand heavier loads and wear. Advances in manufacturing have led to eco-friendly options and tiles that mimic the appearance of wood or natural stone while offering superior durability and moisture resistance.
Overall, tiles are an essential element in both interior and exterior design, offering a blend of functionality, longevity, and visual appeal for a wide range of construction and renovation projects
